Shugaban Amurka, Donald Trump, ya sanar da tsagaita wuta nan take kan hare-haren makamashi tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, kwanaki kaɗan bayan sassauta takunkumin da aka kakabawa man fetur ɗin Rasha domin shawo kan tashin gwauron zabi da farashin mai ya yi a Amurka da kasuwannin duniya.
Sanarwar tsagaita wutar, wadda aka yi a ranar Lahadi, na nuna wani sabon sauyi a tsarin da Washington ke bi wajen mu'amala da makamashin Rasha. Wannan na zuwa ne a daidai lokacin da yaƙin Amurka da Iran da kuma hare-haren baya-bayan nan da Ukraine ta kai kan cibiyoyin makamashi na Rasha suka kawo cikas ga samar da man fetur a duniya, tare da haddasa tashin farashinsa.
Trump ya kuma nemi Ukraine da ta dakatar da hare-haren da take kaiwa kan cibiyoyin man fetur na Rasha, kasancewar Moscow na daga cikin manyan ƙasashen da ke fitar da man dizal zuwa ƙasashen duniya.
Tashin farashin dizal a 'yan makonnin nan ya ƙara matsin lamba kan Jam'iyyar Republican ta Trump gabanin zaɓen tsakiyar wa'adin mulki da za a gudanar a watan Nuwamba.
Binciken ra'ayin jama'a ya nuna cewa Amurkawa na ɗora alhakin tashin farashin mai kan gwamnatin Trump, a daidai lokacin da yaƙin Amurka da Iran, wanda bai samu karɓuwa sosai a tsakanin jama'a ba, ke ci gaba da gudana.
Susannah Streeter, babbar mai tsara dabarun saka hannun jari a kamfanin Wealth Club, ta shaida wa Al Jazeera cewa hare-haren da ake kaiwa matatun mai da sauran cibiyoyin makamashi sun rage ƙarfin samar da mai a kasuwar duniya, wadda tuni take fuskantar matsin lamba.
Ta ce hakan ya ƙara tsadar sufuri, noma da gudanar da harkokin kasuwanci, wanda a ƙarshe ke jefa ƙarin nauyin kuɗi kan masu saye da masu amfani da kayayyaki.
Streeter ta ƙara da cewa tsagaita wuta ta gaskiya za ta iya taimakawa wajen kare wadatar mai da rage matsin lambar farashi, musamman yayin da lokacin hunturu ke gabatowa.
Matakan da Trump ke ɗauka sun jawo suka daga wasu 'yan siyasar Amurka da ƙawayen ƙasar na Turai. Sun yi gargaɗin cewa sake barin man fetur ɗin Rasha ya shiga kasuwannin duniya na iya samar wa Moscow da ƙarin kuɗaɗen shiga da za ta yi amfani da su wajen ɗaukar nauyin yaƙin Ukraine.
A watan Maris, gwamnatin Trump ta bayar da rangwamen takunkumi ga man fetur ɗin Rasha da ake jigilarwa ta ruwa.
Mene ne tsagaita wutar makamashi da Trump ya sanar?
A ranar Lahadi, Trump ya bayyana cewa Rasha da Ukraine sun amince su dakatar nan take da hare-haren da suke kai wa cibiyoyin makamashi na juna.
A wani saƙo da ya wallafa a shafinsa na Truth Social, ya ce: “Bangarorin biyu sun amince. Kada ku karya yarjejeniyar!”
Sai dai bai bayar da ƙarin bayani kan yarjejeniyar ba.
Trump ya kuma bayyana cewa jiragen yaƙi marasa matuƙa na Rasha sun ci gaba da kai hare-hare kan cibiyoyin makamashi na Ukraine, ciki har da wata tashar samar da wutar lantarki a Kharkiv, bayan sanarwar da ya yi.
A ranar Litinin, Shugaban Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, ya ce ƙasarsa na jiran ƙarin bayani game da sharuddan yarjejeniyar da aka cimma tsakanin Amurka da Rasha.
Zelenskyy ya bayyana hakan ne a wani jawabin bidiyo da ya gabatar yayin wani taron tsaro a Warsaw.
Ya ce: “Muna jiran cikakken bayani game da sharuddan yarjejeniyar tsakanin Amurkawa da Rashawa, sannan muna jiran ganin wani takamaiman mataki da Amurkawa suke shirin ɗauka.”
Ya ƙara da cewa tsagaita wutar makamashi na iya aiki, kuma ta zama wani babban mataki na kawo ƙarshen yaƙin idan Amurka ta shiga tsakani da gaske tare da tabbatar da cewa Rasha ta mutunta yarjejeniyar.
Ukraine ta sha kai hare-hare kan matatun man fetur na Rasha, tana mai cewa kuɗaɗen da Moscow ke samu daga makamashi na taimaka mata wajen ɗaukar nauyin yaƙin.
A nata ɓangaren, Rasha ta ci gaba da kai hare-hare kan cibiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki da na dumama gidaje a Ukraine tsawon shekaru huɗu na yaƙin.
Sai dai Alexey Muraviev, wani masani a fannin tsaro da dabarun yaƙi, ya yi kira da a yi taka-tsantsan wajen kallon sanarwar Trump. Ya nuna shakku kan ko an cimma yarjejeniya ta haƙiƙa, da kuma ainihin abin da yarjejeniyar ta ƙunsa.
Muraviev, babban mai bincike a fannin tsaro da nazarin dabarun yaƙi a Jami'ar Edith Cowan, ya shaida wa Al Jazeera cewa idan yarjejeniyar ta shafi dakatar da hare-hare kan matatun mai ne kawai, to hakan ba zai zama daidaito ba, domin tuni hare-haren Rasha suka lalata matatun man Ukraine.
Ya ce: “A wannan ma'ana, hakan zai iya nufin cewa Ukraine ce za ta dakatar da hare-haren da take kaiwa matatun man Rasha, alhali kuwa matatun man Ukraine sun riga sun fuskanci hare-haren Rasha.”
Muraviev ya kuma danganta sanarwar da yarjejeniyar da Trump ya cimma da Shugaban Rasha, Vladimir Putin, kan fitar da man dizal, yana mai cewa hakan na iya zama saƙo ga Zelenskyy.
Ya ce Washington na iya kallon kai hari kan matatun man Rasha a matsayin barazana ga muradun tattalin arzikin Amurka, yana mai nuni da yarjejeniyar fitar da dizal da za ta ci gaba har zuwa watan Afrilun 2027.
Yaya farashin man fetur yake a kasuwannin duniya?
Yaƙe-yaƙen da ke gudana a Gabas ta Tsakiya da Ukraine sun ci gaba da sanya kasuwannin man fetur na duniya cikin matsin lamba.
A ranar Litinin, farashin ɗanyen man Brent, wanda ake amfani da shi a matsayin ma'aunin farashin mai a kasuwannin duniya, ya faɗi zuwa kusan dala 103.04 kan kowace ganga bayan sanarwar tsagaita wutar Trump da kuma yarjejeniyar dizal da Rasha.
A lokaci guda, farashin ɗanyen man West Texas Intermediate (WTI) na Amurka ya kai kusan dala 90.96 kan kowace ganga.
Duk da wannan raguwar, farashin mai na ci gaba da kasancewa a matakin da ya yi tsada sakamakon yaƙin Amurka da Isra'ila da Iran, wanda ya fara a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, da kuma tangardar da aka samu a mashigar Hormuz.
Mashigar Hormuz na daga cikin muhimman hanyoyin jigilar mai a duniya, inda kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na man da ake samarwa a duniya ke bi ta cikinta.
Hare-haren da 'yan Houthi na Yemen ke kai wa jiragen ruwa da filayen jiragen sama, tare da faɗan da ake yi a yankin Bahar Maliya da mashigar Bab al-Mandab, sun ƙara matsin lamba kan farashin mai.
Haka kuma, hare-haren Ukraine kan matatun man Rasha sun ƙara ta'azzara ƙarancin dizal, wanda yake da matuƙar muhimmanci ga harkokin noma da sufurin manyan motoci.
Wannan matsala ta sa ƙasashen ƙungiyar G7 suka amince a makon da ya gabata da sakin ganga miliyan 100 na man fetur da dizal daga ajiyar gaggawa domin taimakawa wajen rage matsin lamba a kasuwanni.
Matakin ƙasashen G7 ya biyo bayan matsin lambar da Trump ya yi.
Ta yaya gwamnatin Trump ta riƙa sauya matsayinta kan makamashin Rasha?
Matsayar Washington kan makamashin Rasha ta sha sauyawa tun bayan da Moscow ta ƙaddamar da cikakken mamayar Ukraine a watan Fabrairun 2022.
A lokacin mulkin tsohon Shugaban Amurka, Joe Biden, Amurka ta haramta shigo da man fetur da sauran makamashi daga Rasha a watan Maris na 2022, da nufin rage kuɗaɗen shiga da Moscow ke amfani da su wajen ɗaukar nauyin yaƙin.
Sai dai a lokaci guda, Washington ta goyi bayan matakin ƙasashen G7 na sanya iyaka kan farashin man fetur ɗin Rasha. An tsara matakin ne domin rage kuɗaɗen da Moscow ke samu daga man fetur ba tare da jawo babbar tangarda ga wadatar mai a kasuwannin duniya ba.
Haka kuma, gwamnatin Biden ta amince da ci gaba da sayen ɗanyen man fetur ɗin Rasha da Indiya ke yi, domin hana farashin mai a duniya ƙara tashi.
Bayan komawa kan karagar mulki a shekarar 2025, Trump ya fara ƙara matsin lamba kan Moscow.
A watan Agustan 2025, gwamnatinsa ta ƙaƙaba ƙarin haraji kan wasu kayayyakin da Indiya ke fitarwa zuwa Amurka, saboda ci gaba da sayen man fetur daga Rasha da New Delhi ke yi.