Wani sabon bincike da aka wallafa a mujallar lafiya ta The Lancet ya bayyana cewa kusan mutane biliyan 1.2 a duniya sun rayu da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa a shekarar 2023, abin da ke nuna ƙaruwa da kaso 95.5 cikin ɗari idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 1990.
Masu binciken sun nazarci nau’o’in matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa guda 12 a ƙasashe da yankuna 204 na duniya, tare da duba yadda suke bambanta bisa shekaru, jinsi, muhalli da kuma yanayin zamantakewa. Sun yi gargadin cewa duniya na shiga wani sabon yanayi mai tayar da hankali na ƙara tsanantar matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa.
Jagoran binciken, Damian Santomauro, ya ce ya yi matuƙar mamakin girman ƙarin da aka samu. Ya bayyana cewa akwai dalilai masu yawa da ke haddasa wannan matsala, yana mai jaddada bukatar haɗin kan ƙasashen duniya domin magance matsalolin.
Matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar da binciken ya ƙunsa sun haɗa da:
- Damuwa
- Matsananciyar baƙin ciki
- Cutar bipolar
- Schizophrenia
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Rashin nutsuwa da yawan motsi (ADHD)
- Anorexia
- Bulimia
- Dysthymia, wato dogon lokaci na baƙin ciki mai sauƙi
- Conduct disorder
- Matsalolin ɗabi’a
- Nakasar fahimta da ba a gano musabbabinta ba
Ko da yake anorexia, bulimia da schizophrenia su ne suka fi ƙarancin yaduwa, binciken ya nuna cewa har yanzu suna shafar miliyoyin mutane a duniya a shekarar 2023.
Binciken ya kuma gano cewa yawancin matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa sun fi yawa a tsakanin mata. Sai dai autism, ADHD, conduct disorder, matsalolin ɗabi’a da nakasar fahimta marar sanannen dalili sun fi yawa a tsakanin maza.
Masu binciken sun kuma bayyana yadda annobar COVID-19 ta ƙara ta’azzara matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa. Tun kafin barkewar annobar, yawan masu fama da damuwa da baƙin ciki na ƙaruwa, amma annobar ta sa lamarin ya ƙara muni sosai. Har yanzu matakan baƙin ciki ba su koma yadda suke kafin annobar ba, yayin da damuwa ta ci gaba da kasancewa a mataki mai yawa har zuwa shekarar 2023.
Da yake tsokaci kan binciken, Paul Bolton ya ce duk da cewa binciken ya yi ƙoƙarin magance matsalar rashin bayar da rahoton cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa yadda ya kamata, har yanzu akwai ƙalubale wajen samun cikakken sahihin bayanai kan matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa a duniya.