Yankuna: Tun kafin shekarar 1914 lokacin da Turawan mulkin mallaka suka shiga yankin da a yanzu ya zama Najeriya, ƙasar na rarrabe ne cikin dauloli 4, waɗanda wasunsu suka keta har cikin ƙasashen Ghana da Kamaru.
1. Daular Arewa: Daular Arewa ta haɗa da Daular Kanem Borno da daular Hausa, waɗanda suka ƙunshi wasu daga cikin ƙasashen Hausa kamar Zazzau, Gobir, Kano, Katsina, Daura da kuma wasu garuruwan ƙabilu kamar Gwari, Kebbi, Nupe Yalwa da dai sauransu.
2. Daular Kalaba: An kafa daular Kalaba tun shekara ta 1000 AD wato bayan fakuwar Annabi Isa AS, don haka ta kasance daular da ta fi kowace daɗewa a tarihin Najeriya. Tarihi ya nuna cewa wasu ‘yan biyu ne suka kafa daular da a farko aka fi sani da daular Nri ta ƙabilar Ibo. Daular ta faɗaɗa ikonta har zuwa cikin ƙasar Kamaru ta yanzu.
3. Daular Oduduwa ko ta Yoruba: Wannan daular ta ƙunshi asalin ƙabilar Yarabawa waɗanda cibiyarsu ke Ile-Ife da Oyo dake yankin kudu maso yammaci, wanda tarihi ya nuna cewa Oduduwa ne ya fara kafa ta, yayin da ya tura 'yansa su kafa wasu garuruwan da suka zama sarakunansu.
4. Daular Benin: Daular Benin ita ce daula mafi ƙarfi a tarihin Najeriya wadda ita ma take yankin kudu maso yammacin ƙasar. Wannan daular ta yi ƙarfi sosai a wancan lokacin, inda ta faɗaɗa har zuwa cikin ƙasar Ghana. Daular Benin ta yi suna wajen sassake sassake a nahiyar Afirka.
.Mulkin Mallaka
A shekarar 1914, Turawa sun haɗe yankunan Arewa da Kudanci da kuma Lagas, abinda ya samar da Najeriya da ake da ita a yanzu. Daga nan sun kasa ƙasar gida huɗu domin tafiyar da ayyukan gwamnati:
.Yankin Lagas
.Lardunan Arewaci
.Lardunan Gabashi
.Lardunan Yammaci
Har ya zuwa wannan lokacin wasu yankunan Kamaru na cikin Najeriya.
Kundin tsarin mulkin shekarar 1951 ya mayar da lardunan zuwa matsayin yankuna, wato yankunan Legas, Arewa, Gabashi da Yammaci.
A shekarar 1967, Janar Yakubu Gowon wanda shi ne shugaban ƙasa a lokacin, ya kasa yankuna huɗun da ake da su zuwa jihohi 12, biyo bayan ƙorafe-ƙorafe da rigingimun da aka yi ta samu game da ko waye ke da iko tsakanin al'ummomin yankunan. Jihohin da Janar Gowon ya ƙirƙiro sun haɗa da jihar Kano, jihar Benue Plato, jihar Kwara, jihar Rivers, jihar Lagos, jihar Arewa ta tsakiya, Arewa maso yamma, jihar yamma, jihar gabas ta tsakiya, jihar Arewa maso gabas, jihar yamma ta tsakiya, jihar kudu maso gabas. Janar Gowon ya yi amfani da yawan jama'ar kowanne yanki wajen ba su yawan jihoji, inda arewa ke da jihohi shida, sai uku-uku ga yankunan gabashi da yammaci. Sai dai ba kowa ba ne ya gamsu da yawan jihohin da Janar Gowon ya ƙirƙiro ba, inda suka yi ta neman ƙarin jihohin. Wannan ya sa Janar Murtala Ramat Muhammed na hawa mulki a shekarar 1975 ya fara duba batun ƙirƙirar sabbin jihohi.
Kwamitin da ya naɗa domin duba batun ya ba da shawarar ƙirƙiro da sababbin jihohi 19, da suka haɗa da Kano, Sokoto, Kaduna, Borno, Bauchi, Niger, Plateau, Kwara, Gongola, Oyo, Benue, Ondo, Ogun, Bendel, Anambra, Imo, Rivers, Cross River da Lagos. A wannan lokacin arewa tana da jihohi 10, yamma 5, gabashin ƙasar kuma na da 4. Sai dai kuma ‘yan ƙabilar Ibo da ke gabashin ƙasar ba su ji daɗin jihohi biyu da aka ba su ba, wato Anambra da Imo, abinda ya sa suka ci gaba da neman ƙarin jihohi.
Wannan ya sa a lokacin da Janar Babangida ya hau mulki a shekarar 1985, ya ƙirƙiri sababbin jihohi biyu wato Akwa Ibom ta ƙabilar Ibo a gabashi da kuma jihar Katsina a arewacin Najeriya, waɗanda da su aka sami jahohi 21 a ƙasar. A wannan lokacin Janar Ibrahim Babangida ya dasa aya ga batun sake ƙirƙirar sababbin jihohi, inda ya ce babu matsin lambar da za ta sa gwamnati ta sauya matsayarta.
Sai dai kuma da tafiya ta yi tafiya, gwamnati ta lashe amanta, bayan da jihohin da ke da girman gaske kamar Kano, Oyo da Sokoto suka yi ta neman da a raba su ta yadda za su samu wadatar kulawa daga kuɗaɗen da ake ba wa jihohi. Hakan ne ya sa a ranar 27 ga watan Agustan shekarar 1991, gwamnatin Janar Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida ta sake ƙirƙiro da sababbin jihohi tara da suka haɗa da Jigawa, Kebbi, Yobe, Taraba, Kogi, Edo, Osun, Enugu da kuma Delta.
Tun daga wannan lokacin wasu dake ganin ana mayar da su saniyar ware a harkokin mulki suka ci gaba da neman gwamnati ta mayar da garuruwansu zuwa jihohi, ko da yake hakan bai sa mu ba, har sai a shekarar 1996 lokacin mulkin Janar Sani Abacha, ya sake ƙirƙiro da sababbin jihohi 6 waɗanda suka haɗa da Gombe a arewa maso gabas, Zamfara a arewa maso yamma da Nassarawa a arewa ta tsakiya. Sai kuma Ekiti a kudu maso yamma, Bayelsa a kudu maso kudu da Ebonyi a kudu maso gabashin ƙasar.
Hakan ya sa Najeriya a yanzu take da jihohi 36, kuma daga su har yanzu ba gwamnatin da ta sake ƙirƙiro wata sabuwar jiha duk kuwa da cewa har yanzu wasu na nan na ta neman ƙarin jihohi, kamar jihar Bayajidda a Daura, Karaduwa a Funtuwa, Hadejia a Jigawa, Bagauda a Kano, Ibadan a kudu da dai sauransu.